Choose from 500 different sets of history background french revolution flashcards on quizlet. The french revolution took place between 1789 and 1799. Napoleon reigned until the restoration of the bourbons in 1814. The french revolution, by thomas carlyle chapter 1. The french revolution, by thomas carlyle project gutenberg. Also taxed on road and bridge repair known as the corvee tax.
Free secondary education in france before and after the. Mountain, the article about mountain, the by the free. The french revolution 178999 violently transformed france from a monarchical state with a rigid social hierarchy into a modern nation in which the social structure was loosened and power passed increasingly to the middle classes. Read by ray clare it is, for that matter, selfevident that if one community decides in one fashion, another, also sovereign, in the opposite fashion, both cannot be right. The french had fought and lost to the british and the americans in the french and indian war and later supported the american colonies in. Congress of vienna impact of the revolution it challenged the idea of the divine right of kings and the privileges of the nobility in europe. A natural history of revolution suggests that it is perhaps on a different shelf of the enlightenment library that we might find the best clues for understanding the french revolution. Policy of mountain royalist tendencies of girondins they reject agrarian law, and swear to respect property continuous conflict between gironde and mountain. The american revolution had an immediate effect on many people in france. They were so called because as deputies they sat on the higher benches of the assembly.
Condemned louis xvi to death carried out in january 1793 1. Because of this, only the king himself had any ruling power. The story of the french revolution ernest belfort bax. They came to dominate the national convention until the girondins were purged from the legislature in mid1793. And those were actually a series of events that lasted years. The mountain definition and meaning collins english. Many french soldiers had served in america during the american revolution.
The girondins and the montagnards were political factions that emerged and solidified in 179293. Tony taylor the french revolution the phrygian, or liberty, cap. Noted for their democratic outlook, the montagnards controlled the government during the climax of the revolution in 179394. The revolution overthrew the monarchy, established a republic, catalyzed violent periods of political turmoil, and finally culminated in a dictatorship under napoleon who brought many of. Finally, on june 2, 1793, a vast crowd of armed sans culottes from the sections, following the precedent of august 1792, invaded the hall and forced the arrest of twentynine girondin deputies. Loosely structured on the greatest identity crisis ever, the french revolution is the hilarious, tragic, and deeply imaginative story of a san francisco family forging its place in history. Different views of the french revolution anti french revolution. Because of this narrow scope, the coverage will be selective. Listen free to french montana french revolution we renegades, it cost to be the boss and more. French revolution, revolutionary movement that shook france between 1787 and 1799 and reached its first climax there in 1789hence the conventional term revolution of 1789, denoting the end of the ancien regime in france and serving also to distinguish that event from the later french revolutions of 1830 and 1848. The french bourgeoisie and lower nobility were intrigued by american ideals of liberty. The french revolutionary wars were a series of sweeping military conflicts lasting from 1792. Its followers included jacobins jacobins, political club of the french revolution.
Massive french aid to the americans resulted in an increase in the already huge french debt 2. Sept 21, 1792 national convention, led by the paris commune, dissolved the monarchy b. What is agreed upon is that the revolution brought an end to absolutism in france. The french revolution, by thomas carlyle faculty of social. The french revolution oversimplified part 1 youtube. They were the liberals of france who did not want to execute louis xvi, but the mountain did anyway the mountain. Discover more about the history of these conflicts, including the various coalitions of britain, prussia, austria, russia, and portugal, and the rise and fall of napoleon bonaparte. There were two major ones the revolution of 1789 and the revolution of 1848. Pre test what were the causes of the french revolution. In their attempts to portray and explain the events of the revolution, political figures, playwrights, and journalists. The montagnards had democratic ways and controlled the government during the peak of the revolution 17931794.
These would constitute the minimum demands of political reformers throughout the nineteenth century and down to the overthrow of the. The montagnards became the opponents reasonable girondins of the national convention in the fall of 1792. Among the many things revolutionaries regarded as holyfor example, liberty, equality, the constitution, the laws, and the revolution itselfby far the most often cited was the mountain. The directory elected from the council of elders, this. Mountain man any of the radical jacobin deputies in the national convention during the french revolution. The french revolution was a watershed event in modern european history that began in 1789 and ended in the late 1790s with the ascent of napoleon bonaparte. The french revolution was partly influenced by the american revolution a. During french revolution old regime, absolute monarchy ends 1789. Players compete amidst the sand dunes of a sandstormdevastated luxury resort in the. Essentially france was growing tired of the king centralizing his power. Original work published 1909 chapter xxxix the mountain and the gironde. As is the case with all historical events, opinions may vary on their significance or impact.
However, were going to look at the one that is most wellknown as the french revolution that of 17891799 which forever transformed france, and the rest of europe, and led it away from. To define it in short, was a civil revolution that broke out in france in 1789. Librivox recording of the french revolution, by hilaire belloc. Set in the ski country of the french alps, players will fight their way down the slopes and through a mountain lodge, avoiding the moving hazards of the gondola system. Who were some important people in the french revolution. The article has been written upon request to provide an easytoread account of what caused the french revolution and its consequences focusing on those areas of relevance to todays uganda. Members of the faction, known as montagnards mountain men saw themselves as the embodiment of national unity. The old regime and three estates the first estate arch bishops, bishops, and abbots were wealthy priests were as poor as the peasants french churches didnt pay any direct taxes government they did give a free gift to the king about 2% of church income. The term, first used during a session of the legislative assembly, came into general use in 1793. Dugommier was killed in the battle of the black mountain in november. National assembly, made up of affluent bourgeoisie, created constitutional monarchy, ends1792. His usual sources turned him down so he called the estates general for the first time in nearly 200 years.
The social inequality in france created the background for the french revolution, but the immediate cause of the revolution was the near collapse of government finances. It stood for democratic government and social equality. Fought between 1792 and 1815, the french revolutionary wars and the napoleonic wars consumed western europe. French revolution, but the fidelity of his transcriptions from the two surveys has never been impugned. Mountain, the, in french history, the label applied to deputies sitting on the raised left benches in the national convention during the french revolution. Political power in france shifted from the king and his nobles to the bourgeois. What were the social, economic, and political problems in prerevolutionary. A history modern library classics kindle edition by carlyle, thomas, rosenberg, john d download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. Asia gained their independence from western colonial powers after world war ii.
From the convocation of the estates general to the storming of the bastille. The girondins and the mountain student created social. Backed by these armed parisians, the mountain intimidated the plain, and the convention consigned the arrested girondins to the guillotine. He probably thought that because the french revolution was going on in france, the revolution might spread and then the king and queen that louis xvi and marie antoinette were staying with would be overthrown and then they would be in the same situation, just with another king and queen. The as they call them montagnard or mountain men were jacobin deputies within the national convention during the french revolution. The french revolution and napoleon each in their turn had a tremendous impact on the development of the french educational system. Opponents must dodge the floodwaters as they contend for dominance of this hydroelectric dam facility in pakistan.
Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading the french revolution. Gironde and mountain, 17921793 the french revolution. Ii on the principles of political morality under a revolutionary government. Small raises in the price of bread meant starvation for many in the 3rd estate.
How did the relationship between the french people and the king change. Gironde and mountain, 17921793 the french revolution june 9, 2008 by marge anderson in theory the election of deputies to the national convention in 1792 marked the beginning of political democracy in france. Who was napoleon bonaparte what do you want to know about the french revolution and napoleon prediction. The story of the french revolution ernest belfort bax full view 1922. The french revolution was a period of farreaching social and political upheaval in france and. Learn history background french revolution with free interactive flashcards. What we dont know about the french revolution could fill a book. France also wanted political changes based on the ideas of freedom and equality.
It demonstrated to the french public that louis xvi and marieantoinette were traitors to the revolution, as the royal family had attempted to flee the country and gather resistance what issue inspired the dispute in the french national assembly between the girondins and the mountain. Frances revolutionary politicians held different views on ideology, class, economics, provincial issues and other issues. Slavin belonged to a cluster of scholars born about the time of world war i who. The book description for french protestantism and the french revolution is currently. Diagraming the main points and components of the french revolution. Its use was comparable in frequency to the terms glorious and useful. The first modern revolution focused on the creation of. The story of the french revolution ernest belfort bax full view 1892. How did the french revolutionaries explain, justify, andunderstand the extraordinary violence of their revolution.